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Different types of disputes require different evidence and have specific timing requirements set by the card networks. This guide helps you understand what’s needed for each dispute type.

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Available Dispute Types

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Fraud

Filing window: 120 days from transaction date Use the reason fraud if the cardholder does not recognize the transaction and asserts that they didn’t participate in it. Before filing a fraud dispute you must cancel the affected card.
  • Whether the card is still active: issuer_evidence.card.is_active
  • Whether the cardholder currently has possession: issuer_evidence.card.cardholder_has_possession
  • The card’s possession status at the time of the transaction: issuer_evidence.card.possession_at_transaction
  • The date the card was lost or stolen if applicable: issuer_evidence.card.lost_date

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Invalid Authorization

Filing window: 90 days from transaction date Use the reason invalid_authorization if the merchant didn’t have a valid authorization for the transaction. Not used for fraud cases where the cardholder didn’t authorize the transaction.
  • Clear description of the transaction and the invalid authorization(s): issuer_evidence.issuer_explanation

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Product Not Received

Filing window: 120 days from expected delivery date, service end date, or transaction date Earliest filing: After expected delivery date (if provided) Use the reason product_not_received if the cardholder never received the merchandise.
  • Details of the resolution attempt with the merchant:
    • Contact date: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.date
    • Contact was successful: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.was_successful
    • Contact description: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.description
  • Product information (type of good or service): issuer_evidence.product.type
  • When the product was expected to be delivered: issuer_evidence.delivery.expected_date

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Product Not As Described

Filing window: 120 days from delivery date, cancellation date, service end date, or transaction date Earliest filing: 15 days after delivery date, cancellation date, or transaction date Use the reason product_not_as_described if the product was not as described or unacceptable.
  • Details of the resolution attempt with the merchant:
    • Contact date: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.date
    • Contact was successful: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.was_successful
    • Contact description: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.description
  • Information about return or cancellation:
    • Return date: issuer_evidence.return.date
    • Return was successful: issuer_evidence.return.was_successful
    • Return shipping: issuer_evidence.return.shipping.carrier, issuer_evidence.return.shipping.tracking_number
    • Cancellation date: issuer_evidence.cancellation.date
    • Cancellation description: issuer_evidence.cancellation.description

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Credit Not Processed

Filing window: 120 days from transaction date Use the reason credit_not_processed if the cardholder never received a refund.
  • Details of the resolution attempt with the merchant:
    • Contact date: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.date
    • Contact was successful: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.was_successful
    • Contact description: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.description
  • Details of return attempt or cancellation:
    • Return date: issuer_evidence.return.date
    • Return was successful: issuer_evidence.return.was_successful
    • Cancellation date: issuer_evidence.cancellation.date
  • Refund details:
    • Refund was promised: issuer_evidence.refund.was_promised
    • Promise date: issuer_evidence.refund.promise_date
    • Refund description: issuer_evidence.refund.description

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Subscription Canceled

Filing window: 120 days from transaction date Use the reason subscription_canceled if the cardholder is disputing a recurring transaction that they either canceled or never agreed to.
  • Details of the resolution attempt with the merchant:
    • Contact date: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.date
    • Contact was successful: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.was_successful
    • Contact description: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.description
  • Details of the cancellation:
    • Cancellation ID: issuer_evidence.cancellation.id
    • Cancellation date: issuer_evidence.cancellation.date
    • Cancellation description: issuer_evidence.cancellation.description

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Duplicate Charge

Filing window: 90 days from transaction date Use the reason duplicate_charge if there was a processing error that charged the cardholder more than once, or if the cardholder paid by another means and was also charged on their card.
  • Details of the prior, valid transaction: issuer_evidence.prior_transaction
    • Description: issuer_evidence.prior_transaction.description
    • Date: issuer_evidence.prior_transaction.date
    • Amount: issuer_evidence.prior_transaction.amount
    • Currency: issuer_evidence.prior_transaction.currency
  • For payment by other means cases: documentation of the non-credit card payment method: issuer_evidence.documentation (such as a bank statement, cleared check, or cash receipt)

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Incorrect Amount

Filing window: 90 days from transaction date Use the reason incorrect_amount if the cardholder was billed an incorrect amount. Only the difference between the correct amount and the charged amount can be disputed.

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Required Evidence

  • Transaction receipt with the correct amount: issuer_evidence.documentation (category: transaction_receipt)
  • Correct amount: issuer_evidence.amount_correction.amount
  • Correct currency: issuer_evidence.amount_correction.currency

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Cash Not Received

Filing window: 120 days from transaction date Use the reason cash_not_received if some or all of the funds debited from the cardholder’s account were not dispensed by an ATM or point of sale terminal.

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Canceled or Returned

Filing window: 120 days from cancellation date, return date, or transaction date Earliest filing: 15 days after cancellation date or return date (if provided) Use the reason canceled_or_returned if the cardholder canceled services or returned merchandise but was not credited.
  • Details of the resolution attempt with the merchant:
    • Contact date: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.date
    • Contact was successful: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.was_successful
    • Contact description: issuer_evidence.merchant_contact.description
  • Information about the cancellation or return:
    • Cancellation ID: issuer_evidence.cancellation.id
    • Cancellation date: issuer_evidence.cancellation.date
    • Cancellation description: issuer_evidence.cancellation.description
    • Return date: issuer_evidence.return.date
    • Return was successful: issuer_evidence.return.was_successful
    • Return shipping: issuer_evidence.return.shipping.carrier, issuer_evidence.return.shipping.tracking_number
    • Return description: issuer_evidence.return.description

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Product Counterfeit

Use the reason product_counterfeit if the cardholder received counterfeit goods that were presented as genuine.
  • Product type: issuer_evidence.product.type
  • Product description: issuer_evidence.product.description
  • Product condition: issuer_evidence.product.condition
Unlike other merchant issues, counterfeit disputes do not require evidence of merchant contact or attempted resolution.

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Other

Filing window: 120 days from transaction date Use the reason other if the dispute reason doesn’t fit any of the other categories.

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Required Evidence

At least one of the following is required:
  • Issuer explanation describing why the dispute is being filed: issuer_evidence.issuer_explanation
  • Cardholder explanation with the cardholder’s statement about the issue: issuer_evidence.cardholder_explanation

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Standard Information

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Required for All Claims

Claim level:
  • cardholder.name
  • cardholder.email
  • card.network
  • card.last4
  • card.expiry_month
  • card.expiry_year
  • card.type
  • dispute.reason
  • dispute.date
For each case within the claim:
  • merchant.name
  • transaction.arn or transaction.switch_serial_number
  • transaction.date
  • transaction.amount
  • transaction.currency
  • dispute.amount
  • dispute.currency
  • cardholder.issuer_id
  • cardholder.type
  • card.issuer_id
  • merchant.issuer_id
  • merchant.category_code
  • transaction.issuer_id
  • issuer_evidence.cardholder_explanation